{"id":118468,"date":"2026-01-21T01:03:26","date_gmt":"2026-01-21T01:03:26","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/pressactu.com\/?p=118468"},"modified":"2026-01-21T01:03:26","modified_gmt":"2026-01-21T01:03:26","slug":"surexploitation-pollution-et-pressions-climatiques-leau-est-en-etat-de-faillite-mondiale-alerte-un-rapport-de-lonu","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/pressactu.com\/?p=118468","title":{"rendered":"Surexploitation, pollution et pressions climatiques\u00a0: l\u2019eau est en \u00e9tat de \u00ab\u00a0faillite mondiale\u00a0\u00bb, alerte un rapport de l\u2019ONU"},"content":{"rendered":"<div auto_robot_readability=\"96.198035632709\">\n                          <!-- partials\/article\/hook_media--standard.volt --><\/p>\n<figure class=\"hook-media--standard \" auto_robot_readability=\"-22.5\">\n    <picture class=\"hook-media_picture pb-8\"><source media=\"(max-width: 768px)\" srcset=\"https:\/\/focus.nouvelobs.com\/2026\/01\/20\/0\/1\/3498\/2332\/375\/250\/75\/0\/b39be08_upload-1-on984mrwngf3-043-dpa-pa-251016-99-351287-dpai.jpg 1x,https:\/\/focus.nouvelobs.com\/2026\/01\/20\/0\/1\/3498\/2332\/750\/500\/50\/0\/b39be08_upload-1-on984mrwngf3-043-dpa-pa-251016-99-351287-dpai.jpg 2x\" width=\"375\" height=\"250\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"mx-auto\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%27http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%27%20fill%3D%22%23e4e4e4%22%20viewBox%3D%270%200%20510%20340%27%20width%3D%22510%22%20height%3D%22340%22%3E%3Cpath%20d%3D%27M0%200h510v340H0z%27%2F%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E\" srcset=\"https:\/\/focus.nouvelobs.com\/2026\/01\/20\/0\/1\/3498\/2332\/510\/340\/75\/0\/b39be08_upload-1-on984mrwngf3-043-dpa-pa-251016-99-351287-dpai.jpg 1x,https:\/\/focus.nouvelobs.com\/2026\/01\/20\/0\/1\/3498\/2332\/1020\/680\/50\/0\/b39be08_upload-1-on984mrwngf3-043-dpa-pa-251016-99-351287-dpai.jpg 2x\" loading=\"eager\" width=\"510\" height=\"340\" data-oncrawl-image-size=\"510x340\" alt=\"Le lac Edersee avec un niveau d\u2019eau bas, en Allemagne, le 16\u00a0octobre 2025.\"\/>      <\/source><\/picture><figcaption class=\"hook-media_figcaption\" auto_robot_readability=\"-20\">\n<p class=\"latino-100m text-grey-600\">\n            Le lac Edersee avec un niveau d\u2019eau bas, en Allemagne, le 16\u00a0octobre 2025.\u00a0<span class=\"text-grey-600 ms-4\">SWEN PFORTNER \/ DPA PICTURE-ALLIANCE VIA AFP<\/span>        <\/p>\n<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>            <!-- partials\/article\/actions\/toolbar --><\/p>\n<div class=\"article__share d-flex align-items-center py-24 border-bottom  mb-32\" style=\"--border-color:#D9D9D9;\">\n<div class=\"d-flex flex-wrap gap-16\" auto_robot_readability=\"5.4432989690722\">\n<p>          <!-- partials\/article\/actions\/gift.volt --><\/p>\n<p>          <!-- partials\/article\/actions\/comment.volt --><\/p>\n<p>  <button data-article-key=\"20260120.OBS111695\" 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class=\"icon icon--link  \" style=\"--fill:var(--base-foreground-color,#171717)\">\n              <use href=\"https:\/\/www.nouvelobs.com\/bucket\/resources\/web\/img\/374c38b2d4770fdf93b3.svg#link\"\/><\/p>\n<p>  <\/svg><br \/>\n        <span class=\"latino-300r\">Copier le lien<\/span><br \/>\n      <\/button>\n      <\/p>\n<p>\n    <button id=\"share-mail-submit\" type=\"submit\" form=\"mail-form\" onclick=\"__forecast.collectShareMail()\" class=\"latino-300r btn btn--large btn--black btn--fit\"><br \/>\n      Envoyer<br \/>\n    <\/button>\n  <\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p>          <!-- app\/web\/views\/partials\/article\/actions\/subscribe.volt --><\/p>\n<p>              <span data-urlencode=\"aHR0cHM6Ly9hYm8ubm91dmVsb2JzLmNvbQ==\" data-piano=\"Page_Article,Sous_date_publi,S_abonner_Fetes2025,1er_clic,action\" data-batch=\"clic_s_abonner\" class=\"btn btn--small btn--conversion-secondary\" style=\"-btn-color:#171717;--btn-color-hover:#171717;--btn-bg:#FFD484;--btn-bg-hover:#FFD484;--btn-bg-focus:#FFD484;\"><br \/>\n      S\u2019abonner    <\/span><\/p><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>            <!-- partials\/article\/contextual_blocks.volt --><\/p>\n<p>    <!-- partials\/article\/node.volt --><br \/>\n<!-- partials\/article\/node_text.volt --><\/p>\n<p class=\"node__paragraphe antonia-750r text-grey-800 pb-24 pb-md-32\">\nApr\u00e8s des d\u00e9cennies de surexploitation, pollution et pressions climatiques, le monde entre dans <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nouvelobs.com\/ecologie\/20230802.OBS76507\/pesticides-secheresses-menaces-sur-l-eau-potable.html\">une \u00e8re de <em>\u00ab\u00a0faillite mondiale de l\u2019eau\u00a0\u00bb<\/em><\/a>\u00a0: les rivi\u00e8res, les lacs et les aquif\u00e8res s\u2019\u00e9puisant plus vite que la nature ne peut les reconstituer, estime un rapport des Nations Unies.<\/p>\n<p>            <!-- partials\/article\/node.volt --><br \/>\n<!-- partials\/article\/node_text.volt --><\/p>\n<p class=\"node__paragraphe antonia-750r text-grey-800 pb-24 pb-md-32\">\n<em>\u00ab\u00a0Les termes \u201cstress hydrique\u201d et \u201ccrise de l\u2019eau\u201d ne suffisent plus \u00e0 d\u00e9crire les nouvelles r\u00e9alit\u00e9s mondiales\u00a0\u00bb<\/em>, indique le rapport de l\u2019Institut de l\u2019Universit\u00e9 des Nations Unies pour l\u2019eau, l\u2019environnement et la sant\u00e9. Ces termes ont \u00e9t\u00e9 <em>\u00ab\u00a0formul\u00e9s comme des alertes concernant un avenir encore \u00e9vitable\u00a0\u00bb<\/em>, mais depuis le monde est entr\u00e9 dans une <em>\u00ab\u00a0nouvelle phase\u00a0\u00bb<\/em> et de nombreux syst\u00e8mes hydriques ont \u00e9t\u00e9 irr\u00e9m\u00e9diablement d\u00e9grad\u00e9s, n\u00e9cessitant une nouvelle classification, soulignent les chercheurs.<\/p>\n<p>      <!-- partials\/article\/node.volt --><br \/>\n<!-- partials\/article\/node_text.volt --><\/p>\n<h2 class=\"node__heading latino-800m latino-lg-1400e text-grey-800 pb-8 pb-md-16\">\n\u2022 Proposition du terme de \u00ab\u00a0faillite hydrique\u00a0\u00bb<\/h2>\n<p>      <!-- partials\/article\/node.volt --><br \/>\n<!-- partials\/article\/node_text.volt --><\/p>\n<p class=\"node__paragraphe antonia-750r text-grey-800 pb-24 pb-md-32\">\nPour d\u00e9crire la nouvelle situation, le rapport propose plut\u00f4t le terme de <em>\u00ab\u00a0faillite hydrique\u00a0\u00bb<\/em>, une situation dans laquelle <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nouvelobs.com\/ecologie\/20240919.OBS93799\/environnement-menaces-sur-l-eau-potable.html\">la consommation d\u2019eau<\/a> \u00e0 long terme exc\u00e8de le renouvellement des ressources et endommage la nature si gravement que les niveaux ant\u00e9rieurs ne peuvent \u00eatre raisonnablement r\u00e9tablis.<\/p>\n<p>            <!-- partials\/article\/node.volt --><br \/>\n<!-- partials\/article\/node_media.volt --><\/p>\n<p>      <!-- partials\/article\/node.volt --><br \/>\n<!-- partials\/article\/node_text.volt --><\/p>\n<p class=\"node__paragraphe antonia-750r text-grey-800 pb-24 pb-md-32\">\nCe ph\u00e9nom\u00e8ne se traduit par le r\u00e9tr\u00e9cissement des grands lacs et par le nombre croissant de grands fleuves qui ne se jettent plus dans la mer pendant certaines p\u00e9riodes de l\u2019ann\u00e9e. Les zones humides ont \u00e9galement disparu \u00e0 grande \u00e9chelle\u00a0: environ 410\u00a0millions d\u2019hectares &#8211; soit presque la superficie de l\u2019Union europ\u00e9enne &#8211; n\u2019existent plus depuis les cinquante derni\u00e8res ann\u00e9es. Autre signe de cette p\u00e9nurie hydrique\u00a0: environ 70\u00a0% des principales nappes phr\u00e9atiques utilis\u00e9es pour l\u2019eau potable et l\u2019irrigation connaissent un d\u00e9clin \u00e0 long terme.<\/p>\n<p>      <!-- partials\/article\/node.volt --><br \/>\n<!-- partials\/article\/node_text.volt --><\/p>\n<h2 class=\"node__heading latino-800m latino-lg-1400e text-grey-800 pb-8 pb-md-16\">\n\u2022 Des crises de type \u00ab\u00a0Day Zero\u00a0\u00bb qui se multiplient<\/h2>\n<p>      <!-- partials\/article\/node.volt --><br \/>\n<!-- partials\/article\/node_text.volt --><\/p>\n<p class=\"node__paragraphe antonia-750r text-grey-800 pb-24 pb-md-32\">\nLes crises de type <em>\u00ab\u00a0Day Zero\u00a0\u00bb<\/em>, quand la demande en eau d\u00e9passe les ressources disponibles obligeant \u00e0 fermer les robinets domestiques et \u00e0 rationaliser strictement les usages, ont tendance \u00e0 se multiplier dans les villes.<\/p>\n<p>      <!-- partials\/article\/node.volt --><br \/>\n<!-- partials\/article\/node_text.volt --><\/p>\n<p class=\"node__paragraphe antonia-750r text-grey-800 pb-24 pb-md-32\">\nLe changement climatique aggrave le probl\u00e8me, entra\u00eenant la fonte de plus de 30\u00a0% de la masse glaciaire mondiale depuis 1970 et la diminution des eaux de fonte saisonni\u00e8res dont d\u00e9pendent des centaines de millions de personnes.<\/p>\n<p>            <!-- partials\/article\/node.volt --><br \/>\n<!-- partials\/article\/node_media.volt --><\/p>\n<p>      <!-- partials\/article\/node.volt --><br \/>\n<!-- partials\/article\/node_text.volt --><\/p>\n<p class=\"node__paragraphe antonia-750r text-grey-800 pb-24 pb-md-32\">\nLes cons\u00e9quences sont visibles sur tous les continents habit\u00e9s, m\u00eame si tous les pays ne sont pas, individuellement, en situation de p\u00e9nurie d\u2019eau, a expliqu\u00e9 \u00e0 l\u2019AFP Kaveh Madani, scientifique environnemental et auteur du rapport.<\/p>\n<p>      <!-- partials\/article\/node.volt --><br \/>\n<!-- partials\/article\/node_text.volt --><\/p>\n<p class=\"node__paragraphe antonia-750r text-grey-800 pb-24 pb-md-32\">\n<em>\u00ab\u00a0Mais cela nous alerte sur le fait que de nombreux syst\u00e8mes \u00e0 travers le monde sont en situation de faillite\u00a0\u00bb<\/em>, et une refonte des politiques est n\u00e9cessaire, affirme le directeur de l\u2019institut, consid\u00e9r\u00e9 comme le <em>\u00ab\u00a0laboratoire d\u2019id\u00e9es sur l\u2019eau\u00a0\u00bb<\/em> des Nations Unies, \u00e0 l\u2019origine du rapport. <em>\u00ab\u00a0Reconnaissons cette dure r\u00e9alit\u00e9 d\u00e8s aujourd\u2019hui avant de causer des dommages irr\u00e9versibles\u00a0\u00bb<\/em>.<\/p>\n<p>      <!-- partials\/article\/node.volt --><br \/>\n<!-- partials\/article\/node_text.volt --><\/p>\n<h2 class=\"node__heading latino-800m latino-lg-1400e text-grey-800 pb-8 pb-md-16\">\n\u2022 \u00ab\u00a0La crise mondiale de l\u2019eau a atteint un point de non-retour\u00a0\u00bb<\/h2>\n<p>      <!-- partials\/article\/node.volt --><br \/>\n<!-- partials\/article\/node_text.volt --><\/p>\n<p class=\"node__paragraphe antonia-750r text-grey-800 pb-24 pb-md-32\">\nLe rapport, qui s\u2019appuie sur des donn\u00e9es et des statistiques existantes et est bas\u00e9 sur une version \u00e9valu\u00e9e par des pairs, <em>\u00ab\u00a0met en lumi\u00e8re une dure r\u00e9alit\u00e9\u00a0: la crise mondiale de l\u2019eau a atteint un point de non-retour\u00a0\u00bb<\/em>, estime Tim Wainwright, directeur g\u00e9n\u00e9ral de l\u2019organisation caritative WaterAid.<\/p>\n<p>      <!-- partials\/article\/node.volt --><br \/>\n<!-- partials\/article\/node_text.volt --><\/p>\n<p class=\"node__paragraphe antonia-750r text-grey-800 pb-24 pb-md-32\">\nCertains scientifiques non impliqu\u00e9s dans le rapport se sont f\u00e9licit\u00e9s de l\u2019attention port\u00e9e \u00e0 la question de l\u2019eau, mais ont averti que la situation \u00e9tait tr\u00e8s variable d\u2019une r\u00e9gion \u00e0 l\u2019autre et qu\u2019une d\u00e9claration mondiale g\u00e9n\u00e9rale pourrait occulter certains progr\u00e8s r\u00e9alis\u00e9s au niveau local.<\/p>\n<div class=\"article__author pb-32\" auto_robot_readability=\"32\">\n    <!-- app\/web\/views\/partials\/article\/authors.volt --><\/p>\n<p class=\"authors latino-600m text-grey-800\">\n<p>  <span>Par\u00a0<\/span><br \/>\nService Actu\u00a0(avec AFP)<\/p>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nouvelobs.com\/ecologie\/20260120.OBS111695\/surexploitation-pollution-et-pressions-climatiques-l-eau-est-en-etat-de-faillite-mondiale-alerte-un-rapport-de-l-onu.html\">source<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Le lac Edersee avec un niveau d\u2019eau bas, en Allemagne, le 16\u00a0octobre 2025.\u00a0SWEN PFORTNER \/ DPA PICTURE-ALLIANCE VIA AFP Lire\u00a0plus\u00a0tard Google Actualit\u00e9s Partager Facebook Bluesky E-mail Copier le lien Envoyer S\u2019abonner Apr\u00e8s des d\u00e9cennies de surexploitation, pollution et pressions climatiques, le monde entre dans une \u00e8re de \u00ab\u00a0faillite mondiale de l\u2019eau\u00a0\u00bb\u00a0: les rivi\u00e8res, les lacs [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":118469,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[75],"tags":[],"coauthors":[77],"class_list":["post-118468","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-monde"],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/pressactu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/118468","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/pressactu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/pressactu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pressactu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pressactu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=118468"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/pressactu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/118468\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pressactu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/118469"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/pressactu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=118468"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pressactu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=118468"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pressactu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=118468"},{"taxonomy":"author","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pressactu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcoauthors&post=118468"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}