{"id":115347,"date":"2025-12-27T00:32:31","date_gmt":"2025-12-27T00:32:31","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/pressactu.com\/?p=115347"},"modified":"2025-12-27T00:32:31","modified_gmt":"2025-12-27T00:32:31","slug":"1979-en-chine-comment-deng-xiaoping-a-fait-de-shenzen-le-laboratoire-de-sa-politique-de-reforme-et-douverture-de-leconomie","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/pressactu.com\/?p=115347","title":{"rendered":"1979 en Chine\u00a0: comment Deng Xiaoping a fait de Shenzen le laboratoire de sa politique de r\u00e9forme et d\u2019ouverture de l\u2019\u00e9conomie"},"content":{"rendered":"<div auto_robot_readability=\"49.300225733634\">\n                              <!-- partials\/article\/hook_media--standard.volt --><\/p>\n<figure class=\"hook-media--standard \" auto_robot_readability=\"-22.5\">\n    <picture class=\"hook-media_picture pb-8\"><source media=\"(max-width: 768px)\" 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data-oncrawl-image-size=\"510x340\" alt=\"Coucher de soleil sur\u00a0Shenzhen, vu de la terrasse d\u2019observation du\u00a0parc Lianhuashan, en\u00a0novembre 2024.\"\/>      <\/source><\/picture><figcaption class=\"hook-media_figcaption\" auto_robot_readability=\"-20\">\n<p class=\"latino-100m text-grey-600\">\n            Coucher de soleil sur\u00a0Shenzhen, vu de la terrasse d\u2019observation du\u00a0parc Lianhuashan, en\u00a0novembre 2024.\u00a0<span class=\"text-grey-600 ms-4\">CHENG XIN\/GETTY IMAGES<\/span>        <\/p>\n<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>              <!-- partials\/article\/actions\/toolbar --><\/p>\n<div class=\"article__share d-flex align-items-center py-24 border-bottom  mb-32\" style=\"--border-color:#D9D9D9;\">\n<div class=\"d-flex flex-wrap gap-16\" auto_robot_readability=\"5.4705882352941\">\n<p>          <!-- partials\/article\/actions\/gift.volt --><\/p>\n<p>          <!-- partials\/article\/actions\/comment.volt --><\/p>\n<p>  <button 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btn--conversion-secondary\" style=\"-btn-color:#171717;--btn-color-hover:#171717;--btn-bg:#FFD484;--btn-bg-hover:#FFD484;--btn-bg-focus:#FFD484;\"><br \/>\n      S\u2019abonner pour lire    <\/span><\/p><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>              <!-- partials\/article\/contextual_blocks.volt --><\/p>\n<p class=\"latino-500b text-grey-600\">Pour aller plus loin<\/p>\n<p>        <!-- partials\/article\/node.volt --><br \/>\n<!-- partials\/article\/node_text.volt --><\/p>\n<p class=\"node__paragraphe antonia-750r text-grey-800 pb-24 pb-md-32\">\nAu c\u0153ur de la m\u00e9tropole high-tech de Shenzhen, la figure de Yuan Geng est c\u00e9l\u00e9br\u00e9e par deux monuments\u00a0: un buste en bronze pr\u00e8s du quartier d\u2019affaires et une statue en pied devant le\u00a0centre culturel. H\u00e9ros de la cit\u00e9, cet ancien gu\u00e9rillero communiste reconverti dans le business fut le premier entrepreneur autoris\u00e9 \u00e0 investir en R\u00e9publique populaire de Chine. En\u00a01979, dans le comt\u00e9 rural de\u00a0Bao\u2019an, berceau de la future Shenzhen, il a\u00a0cr\u00e9\u00e9 de toutes pi\u00e8ces, gr\u00e2ce \u00e0 d\u2019abondants capitaux venus de la\u00a0voisine Hongkong, un vaste atelier de d\u00e9mant\u00e8lement de navires \u00e0 vapeur dont le m\u00e9tal a \u00e9t\u00e9 utilis\u00e9 pour la construction de grands ensembles immobiliers \u00e0\u00a0Hongkong. La c\u00e9l\u00e8bre devise de cet entrepreneur\u00a0? <em>\u00ab\u00a0Le temps, c\u2019est de l\u2019argent. L\u2019efficacit\u00e9, c\u2019est la vie.\u00a0\u00bb<\/em><\/p>\n<p>            <!-- partials\/article\/node.volt --><br \/>\n<!-- partials\/article\/node_text.volt --><\/p>\n<p class=\"node__paragraphe antonia-750r text-grey-800 pb-8\">\nLe coup d\u2019envoi de l\u2019exp\u00e9rience capitaliste est venu du sommet de l\u2019Etat. Lors du pl\u00e9num du Comit\u00e9 central du Parti communiste chinois (PCC) du 6\u00a0janvier 1979, Deng Xiaoping, le \u00ab\u00a0modernisateur\u00a0\u00bb qui gouverne alors sans partage, autorise la cr\u00e9ation des quatre premi\u00e8res \u00ab\u00a0zones \u00e9conomiques sp\u00e9ciales\u2026<\/p>\n<p>            <!-- app\/web\/views\/partials\/walls\/paywall-web.volt --><\/p>\n<div class=\"paywall2025 d-flex flex-column mb-8 flash-offer\" auto_robot_readability=\"8\">\n      <img decoding=\"async\" class=\"floating-img\" src=\"http:\/\/pressactu.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/1766795551_332_luge.png\" width=\"116\" height=\"83\" alt=\"\"\/><\/p>\n<div class=\"oreillette d-flex justify-content-center align-items-center py-4 rounded-top-15\" auto_robot_readability=\"32\">\n<p class=\"latino-100m\">Article r\u00e9serv\u00e9 aux abonn\u00e9s.<\/p>\n<p>              <span class=\"latino-100m ps-8 text-decoration-underline\" style=\"cursor: pointer;\" data-piano=\"paywall_fetes_2025_anonymes,,,se_connecter,navigation\" data-urlencode=\"aHR0cHM6Ly9zZWMubm91dmVsb2JzLmNvbS9zZnVzZXIvY29ubmV4aW9uP3JlZGlyZWN0aW9uVXJsPWh0dHBzJTNBJTJGJTJGd3d3Lm5vdXZlbG9icy5jb20lMkZtb25kZSUyRjIwMjUxMjI2Lk9CUzExMDk4MiUyRjE5NzktZW4tY2hpbmUtY29tbWVudC1kZW5nLXhpYW9waW5nLWEtZmFpdC1kZS1zaGVuemVuLWxlLWxhYm9yYXRvaXJlLWRlLXNhLXBvbGl0aXF1ZS1kZS1yZWZvcm1lLWV0LWQtb3V2ZXJ0dXJlLWRlLWwtZWNvbm9taWUuaHRtbA==\"><br \/>\n        Se connecter      <\/span>\n      <\/div>\n<div class=\"paywall-body d-flex flex-column flex-grow-1 justify-content-center p-8 p-md-16 rounded-bottom-15\" auto_robot_readability=\"34\">\n<p class=\"title text-center\" style=\"margin-bottom:4px;\">Le cadeau qui \u00e9clairera votre ann\u00e9e<\/p>\n<p class=\"description pb-8 pb-md-16 text-center\">Tous nos contenus exclusifs en acc\u00e8s illimit\u00e9<\/p>\n<div class=\"d-flex flex-wrap flex-column column-gap-16 justify-content-center align-items-center\">\n<div class=\"actions d-flex flex-column flex-md-row gap-8 gap-md-16 justify-content-center align-items-center w-100 pb-8 pb-md-16\">\n                  <span class=\"latino-100b latino-lg-300b btn btn--large btn--conversion-primary main-cta\" style=\"line-height:1;text-align:center!important;\" onclick=\"return window.pa.sendEvent('self_promotion.click', {&#10; 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